# UNC5221

> As of 2026-07-19, UNC5221 is a China-nexus threat actor tracked by Threadlinqs Intelligence across 6 threats spanning apt, malware, vulnerability. Also known as Red Dev 61, Warp Panda, UTA0178, Silk Typhoon. ATT&CK coverage spans 75 techniques across 15 tactics in 6 of 6 tracked threats. Most-observed techniques: T1027 (Obfuscated Files or Information), T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter), T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application).

- **Nation:** China
- **Tracked threats:** 6
- **Categories:** APT, MALWARE, VULNERABILITY
- **Also known as:** Red Dev 61, Warp Panda, UTA0178, Silk Typhoon, Emissary Panda, HAFNIUM, Operation Exchange Marauder, PROSPERO OOO operator
- **As of:** 2026-07-19

## ATT&CK techniques observed

75 techniques observed across 6 of 6 tracked threats. Tactics: Command and Control (10), Stealth (formerly Defense Evasion) (9), Persistence (8), Discovery (7), Resource Development (7), Credential Access (6).

- [T1027](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1027) Obfuscated Files or Information — Stealth (formerly Defense Evasion) — observed in 6 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1059](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1059) Command and Scripting Interpreter — Execution — observed in 6 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1190](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1190) Exploit Public-Facing Application — Initial Access — observed in 6 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1036](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1036) Masquerading — Stealth (formerly Defense Evasion) — observed in 5 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1071](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1071) Application Layer Protocol — Command and Control — observed in 5 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1505](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1505) Server Software Component — Persistence — observed in 5 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1041](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1041) Exfiltration Over C2 Channel — Exfiltration — observed in 4 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1082](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1082) System Information Discovery — Discovery — observed in 4 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1090](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1090) Proxy — Command and Control — observed in 4 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1572](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1572) Protocol Tunneling — Command and Control — observed in 4 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1685](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1685) Disable or Modify Tools — Defense Impairment — observed in 4 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1021](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1021) Remote Services — Lateral Movement — observed in 3 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1070](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1070) Indicator Removal — Stealth (formerly Defense Evasion) — observed in 3 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1078](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1078) Valid Accounts — Privilege Escalation — observed in 3 of 6 tracked threats
- [T1543](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/technique/T1543) Create or Modify System Process — Persistence — observed in 3 of 6 tracked threats

## Tracked threats

- [VerdantBamboo (UNC5221 / WARP PANDA) BRICKSTORM Campaign — MSP Supply-Chain Compromise of Edge Appliances with 18-Month Dwell](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0706) — CRITICAL
- [BRICKSTORM Backdoor: UNC5221 PRC-Nexus APT Targeting VMware vSphere Infrastructure](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0313) — CRITICAL
- [F5 BIG-IP APM Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Stack Buffer Overflow (CVE-2025-53521) — CISA KEV Active Exploitation by Chinese Nation-State Actor](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0312) — CRITICAL
- [CVE-2025-53521: F5 BIG-IP APM Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Stack-based Buffer Overflow](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0307) — CRITICAL
- [CVE-2025-53521: F5 BIG-IP APM Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via apmd Process — Active Exploitation by UNC5221 (BRICKSTORM)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0297) — CRITICAL
- [Ivanti EPMM Dual-CVE Unauthenticated RCE Chain (CVE-2026-1281 + CVE-2026-1340) — CVSS 9.8, CISA KEV, Dutch Government Breached, Bulletproof Hosting IAB, Sleeper Webshells, 28K+ Attacking IPs](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-0121) — CRITICAL

## Related CVEs

5 CVEs referenced by tracked UNC5221 activity.

- [CVE-2026-1340](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-1340)
- [CVE-2026-1281](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-1281)
- [CVE-2025-53521](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-53521)
- [CVE-2024-21887](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2024-21887)
- [CVE-2023-46805](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2023-46805)

## Full data

Infrastructure, IOC values and detection queries (Splunk SPL / Microsoft KQL / Sigma) require the Threadlinqs MCP server (Purple tier): https://intel.threadlinqs.com/mcp

Canonical: https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/UNC5221