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VulnerabilityCVE-2023-21768Published 2023-01-10

CVE-2023-21768 — Microsoft Windows Server 2022

highPublic exploit11 PoC repos

As of 2026-11-02, CVE-2023-21768 is a HIGH-severity vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2022, CVSS v3.1 7.8, EPSS 65.4% (99.2th percentile). Threadlinqs Intelligence links 1 tracked threat campaign to CVE-2023-21768, most recently “Public PoC for Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (afd.sys) Privilege Escalation - CVE-2023-21768”.

CVSS v3.1
7.8/10High
EPSS
65.4%Higher than 99.2% of scored CVEs
CISA KEV
NoNot in the KEV catalog
Tracked threats
1Campaigns referencing it
Priority
9.9/10Threadlinqs triage score
Published
Updated 2025-01-01
CVSS v3.1 7.8 (HIGH) · EPSS 65.4% (higher than 99.2% of all scored CVEs) · Priority 9.9/10 · Published 2023-01-10

Last updated:

What is CVE-2023-21768?

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

The record classifies CVE-2023-21768 under weakness class CWE-822. Its CVSS v3 base vector states that the flaw requires local access to the host, needs low-privilege credentials, needs no user interaction, and has high impact on confidentiality, integrity, availability. 3 affected-product entries are recorded, across 1 vendor, listed below. The identifier was first published 1397 days ago.

Severity and exploitation probability

CVSS v3.1 base score
7.8 — HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
EPSS (FIRST)
65.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 99.2% of all scored CVEs
CISA KEV
Not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
Threadlinqs priority
9.9/10 — a Threadlinqs composite of the CVSS base score, the EPSS percentile and public exploit availability
Published
2023-01-10, last modified 2025-01-01

Is CVE-2023-21768 being exploited?

Weaponised exploit code for CVE-2023-21768 is publicly available. 11 public proof-of-concept repositories are tracked for this identifier. It currently carries a trending score of 38 in the Threadlinqs vulnerability feed.

Affected products and versions

  • Microsoft: Windows Server 2022, Windows 11 version 21H2, Windows 11 version 22H2

How to fix CVE-2023-21768

Vendor advisory: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21768. Apply the vendor fix referenced above to every affected product listed in this record, then confirm the running version against the vendor advisory.

Threat activity tracking CVE-2023-21768

1 tracked threat in the Threadlinqs corpus references CVE-2023-21768, either in the campaign’s CVE list or as an indicator on the campaign record.

Sources

Enriched from CVE.org, NVD, FIRST EPSS, public proof-of-concept repositories. Last verified by Threadlinqs on . This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.

Vendor advisory and patch