# Fortinet vulnerabilities & exploitation

**CISA KEV** · **Ransomware**

> As of 2026-10-05, Threadlinqs tracks 19 Fortinet CVEs, 16 in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, 7 used in ransomware campaigns, linked to 69 tracked threat campaigns and 12 named threat actors.

**Data as of:** 2026-10-05

## Exploitation timeline

Threadlinqs has recorded 19 Fortinet CVEs published between 2019-06-15 and 2026-10-15. The busiest month was 2025-12 (2 new CVEs). 16 of them (84%) are listed in CISA KEV, which means exploitation in the wild has been confirmed.

## Most exploited vulnerabilities

Ranked with CISA KEV listings first, then EPSS exploit probability, then CVSS score. Showing 19 of 19 tracked Fortinet CVEs.

- [CVE-2022-40684](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2022-40684) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 100% · 2022-10-18
- [CVE-2018-13379](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2018-13379) — CRITICAL 9.1 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 94.5% · 2019-06-04
- [CVE-2024-55591](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2024-55591) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 94.2% · 2025-01-14
- [CVE-2023-48788](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2023-48788) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 94.1% · 2024-03-12
- [CVE-2022-42475](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2022-42475) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 94% · 2023-01-02
- [CVE-2024-47575](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2024-47575) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · EPSS 93.8% · 2024-10-23
- [CVE-2024-21762](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2024-21762) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 92.7% · 2024-02-09
- [CVE-2023-27997](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2023-27997) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · Ransomware · EPSS 91% · 2023-06-13
- [CVE-2025-64446](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-64446) — CRITICAL 9.4 · KEV · EPSS 89.5% · 2025-11-14
- [CVE-2026-35616](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-35616) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · EPSS 25.3% · 2026-04-04
- [CVE-2025-59718](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-59718) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · EPSS 7.6% · 2025-12-09
- [CVE-2026-24858](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-24858) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · EPSS 2.3% · 2026-01-27
- [CVE-2025-25249](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-25249) — HIGH 7.4 · KEV · EPSS 1.7% · 2026-01-13
- [CVE-2025-68686](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-68686) — MEDIUM 5.3 · KEV · EPSS 0.5% · 2026-02-10
- [CVE-2022-41328](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2022-41328) — MEDIUM 6.7 · KEV · EPSS 0.2% · 2023-03-07
- [CVE-2026-104286](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-104286) — CRITICAL 9.8 · KEV · 2026-10-01
- [CVE-2025-59719](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-59719) — CRITICAL 9.8 · EPSS 0.2% · 2025-12-09
- [CVE-2026-44277](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-44277) — CRITICAL 9.1 · EPSS 0.1% · 2026-05-12
- [CVE-2026-26083](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-26083) — CRITICAL 9.1 · EPSS 0.1% · 2026-05-12

## Products affected

Threadlinqs normalises CPE and CNA product records across all 19 CVEs; 38 distinct Fortinet products are affected. The most frequently affected (top 20):

- Fortios — 10 CVEs
- Fortiproxy — 7 CVEs
- Fortiweb — 3 CVEs
- Fortimanager — 2 CVEs
- Fortiswitchmanager — 2 CVEs
- Fim-7901e — 1 CVE
- Fim-7904e — 1 CVE
- Fim-7910e — 1 CVE
- Fim-7920e — 1 CVE
- Fim-7921f — 1 CVE
- Fim-7941f — 1 CVE
- FortiAuthenticator — 1 CVE
- FortiMail — 1 CVE
- FortiOS, FortiProxy, FortiSwitchManager — 1 CVE
- FortiSandbox — 1 CVE
- FortiSandbox Cloud — 1 CVE
- FortiSandbox PaaS — 1 CVE
- Fortianalyzer — 1 CVE
- Forticlient Enterprise Management Server — 1 CVE
- Forticlientems — 1 CVE

## Threat activity

69 tracked threat campaigns reference Fortinet products or exploit Fortinet CVEs; the 25 most recent are listed.

- [Fortinet FortiMail critical path traversal flaw CVE-2026-104286 (FG-IR-26-175) exploited in zero-day attacks](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2830) — CRITICAL — 2026-10-01
- [Rehub: Russian-Language Ransomware-as-a-Service Marketplace Absorbing RAMP's Displaced Operators](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2532) — MEDIUM — 2026-09-16
- [Attacker Maintains Root-Level MeshCentral Backdoor Inside Thai ISP 3BB, Targets RADIUS Subscriber-Credential Databases (CVE-2024-21762 Toolkit Staged)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2514) — HIGH — 2026-09-15
- [Team Cymru Infrastructure Analysis: Seven Active Ransomware Gangs (Akira, DragonForce, Clop, MedusaLocker, Qilin, INC Ransom, Lynx) Abuse Dual-Use Tools and Exploit SonicWall, Gladinet CentreStack, and FortiGate Devices](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2517) — HIGH — 2026-09-15
- [Multiple Vulnerabilities in Fortigate NGFW on RUGGEDCOM APE1808 Devices (SSA-864900) — Including Actively Exploited FortiCloud SSO Bypass (CVE-2025-59718/-59719) and FortiOS Heap Overflow (CVE-2025-25249)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2486) — CRITICAL — 2026-09-13
- [Multiple Fortinet FortiOS Vulnerabilities (incl. CVE-2024-23113) Affect Siemens RUGGEDCOM APE1808 via Bundled Fortinet NGFW < V7.4.3 (SSA-832273)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2489) — CRITICAL — 2026-09-13
- [CVE-2025-25249: Fortinet Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Exploited to Deploy PivotC2 RAT on FortiGate Devices](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2431) — CRITICAL — 2026-09-10
- [Kaspersky ICS-CERT Q1 2026 Review: Sandworm/Static Tundra Wiper Hits Polish Energy Grid, Suspected Iran Intrusion at NCBJ Nuclear Centre, Void Manticore's Handala Persona Wipes 200,000 Stryker Devices, DragonForce Ransomware Disrupts Hazeldenes Poultry](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2420) — HIGH — 2026-09-09
- [ORB Networks and Nation-State CNI Targeting: Destructive Wiper Attack on Polish Energy Infrastructure via Exposed FortiGate Devices](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2317) — HIGH — 2026-09-03
- [The Gentlemen RaaS (GOLD SHERWOOD / hastalamuerte): FortiGate/VPN Intrusion Chain, GentleKiller BYOVD EDR Killers, and Rclone Exfiltration](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2271) — CRITICAL — 2026-09-01
- [Edge Infrastructure Under Siege: Tenable and SentinelOne Datasets Reveal Convergent Nation-State and Criminal Exploitation of Perimeter Devices](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2153) — HIGH — 2026-08-26
- [LockBit 5.0 Ransomware Extortion Claim Against US Bank (U.S. Bancorp)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2094) — HIGH — 2026-08-21
- [ELECTRUM (Russian state-linked) PathWiper destructive wiper campaign targets Ukrainian ISPs and Polish CHP/energy facilities](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1883) — CRITICAL — 2026-08-05
- [AI-Generated Extortion: Fabricated Data-Leak Sites 0APT and ALP-001 Impersonate Ransomware Groups](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1761) — MEDIUM — 2026-07-29
- [Cyble H1 2026 Threat Actor Landscape: 261 Tracked Groups, Five Most Active Actors Profiled](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1721) — HIGH — 2026-07-27
- [CISA Adds Two Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalog: Fortinet FortiOS Information Disclosure (CVE-2025-68686) and Arista VeloCloud Orchestrator OS Command Injection (CVE-2026-16812)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1725) — CRITICAL — 2026-07-27
- [SafePay Ransomware Abuses OneDrive Sync Client for Covert Data Exfiltration](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1728) — HIGH — 2026-07-27
- [Sen. Wyden Urges Binding Federal Mandate to Purge Internet-Facing Legacy VPNs for Zero-Trust Remote Access](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1774) — MEDIUM — 2026-07-27
- [Proofpoint AI Era Ransomware Report: 37% of Paying Victims Face Repeat Extortion Demands](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1710) — MEDIUM — 2026-07-22
- [CISA KEV: Fortinet FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Vulnerabilities Exploited (CVE-2026-39808, CVE-2026-25089)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1432) — CRITICAL — 2026-07-17
- [CISA Orders Federal Agencies to Patch Exploited Fortinet FortiSandbox Command Injection Flaws (CVE-2026-39808, CVE-2026-25089, CVE-2026-39813)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1433) — CRITICAL — 2026-07-17
- [CISA Orders Patch of Actively Exploited Critical FortiSandbox OS Command Injection Flaws (CVE-2026-39808, CVE-2026-25089, CVE-2026-39813)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1447) — CRITICAL — 2026-07-17
- [FortiSandbox VNC Server Exposure Allows Unauthenticated Access to Scanning VMs (CVE-2026-59835)](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1319) — HIGH — 2026-07-14
- [The Gentlemen RaaS overtakes Qilin as #1 ransomware operation, wields GentleKiller EDR-killer framework (400+ processes, 8 BYOVD variants) and 90% affiliate payouts](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-1332) — HIGH — 2026-07-14
- [FSB Centre 16 (Berserk Bear/Energetic Bear) targets global critical national infrastructure via vulnerable routers — joint UK & allied advisory](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/threat/TL-2026-2375) — HIGH — 2026-07-13

## Threat actors targeting Fortinet

Named threat actors attributed to campaigns that involve Fortinet products or CVEs, with the number of linked campaigns:

- [INC Ransom](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/INC%20Ransom) — 5 campaigns
- [INC Ransom - G1032](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/INC%20Ransom%20-%20G1032) — 4 campaigns
- [Static Tundra](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/Static%20Tundra) — 4 campaigns
- [The Gentlemen](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/The%20Gentlemen) — 4 campaigns
- [FortiBleed operator](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/FortiBleed%20operator) — 3 campaigns
- [LockBit](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/LockBit) — 3 campaigns
- [Sandworm](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/Sandworm) — 3 campaigns
- [APT38](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/APT38) — 2 campaigns
- [APT44](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/APT44) — 2 campaigns
- [Clop](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/Clop) — 2 campaigns
- [DragonForce](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/DragonForce) — 2 campaigns
- [FSB Center 16](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/actor/FSB%20Center%2016) — 2 campaigns

## How to prioritise Fortinet patching

This order follows the data Threadlinqs holds for Fortinet, not a generic severity checklist:

- 16 of 19 Fortinet CVEs (84%) are in CISA KEV: treat them as actively exploited and remediate them first, starting with [CVE-2022-40684](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2022-40684), [CVE-2018-13379](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2018-13379), [CVE-2024-55591](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2024-55591).
- 7 CVEs are known to be used in ransomware campaigns; patch these ahead of other KEV entries on internet-facing systems.
- Outside KEV, the highest EPSS scores are [CVE-2025-59719](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2025-59719) (0.2%), [CVE-2026-44277](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-44277) (0.1%), [CVE-2026-26083](https://intel.threadlinqs.com/cve/CVE-2026-26083) (0.1%).
- 16 CVEs score Critical and 1 High on CVSS v3 (maximum 9.8, average 9.1); sequence these after KEV and high-EPSS items.
- 2 CVEs have a public exploit or proof of concept recorded, which shortens the time from disclosure to attack.

## About this data

Vendor attribution comes from the CNA and CPE product records of each CVE, folded to one vendor name; CVSS, EPSS and KEV status are read from the Threadlinqs CVE catalog; campaign and actor links come from tracked threat records. Counts reflect the data as of 2026-10-05 and refresh daily.

Canonical: https://intel.threadlinqs.com/vendors/fortinet
All vendors: https://intel.threadlinqs.com/vendors
Full detection coverage and IOCs via the Threadlinqs MCP server (Purple tier): https://intel.threadlinqs.com/mcp