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ATT&CK techniqueReconnaissance

T1589.002 Email Addresses

ReconnaissanceEnterpriseSub-technique

As of 2026-10-05, T1589.002 (Email Addresses) appears in 51 tracked threats, first reported 2026-02-22 and most recently 2026-09-23, with linked actors including UNK_OutFlareAZ, EvilTokens, Ghost Stadium; it most often appears alongside T1566.002 (Spearphishing Link).

Tracked threats
516 critical, 28 high, 17 medium
First seen
2026-02-22
Last seen
2026-09-23
Threat actors
19In the threats using it
Detection rules
74Blue tier and above

Data as of:

Activity timeline

T1589.002 first appeared in tracked threats on and was most recently reported on . The busiest month was 2026-07 with 20 reports, and 51 of the 51 threats were reported in the twelve months to 2026-09.

How adversaries use it

T1589.002 Email Addresses is catalogued by MITRE ATT&CK under the Reconnaissance tactic in the Enterprise matrix, as a sub-technique of T1589 Gather Victim Identity Information. Threadlinqs maps 51 of 2623 tracked threats (1.9%) to it; by severity that is 6 critical, 28 high, 17 medium.

Threats that use T1589.002 most often also use T1566.002 Spearphishing Link (36 threats), T1583.001 Domains (30 threats), T1204.001 Malicious Link (26 threats), T1684.001 Impersonation (25 threats), T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information (19 threats). These are the techniques an intrusion set tends to chain with it, so they are the natural next places to look when it is observed.

19 tracked threat actors appear in the threats that use T1589.002; the most frequent are UNK_OutFlareAZ (2), EvilTokens (1), Ghost Stadium (1), Kali365 PhaaS operators (1), Luna Moth (1).

Mitigations

MITRE ATT&CK lists 1 mitigation for T1589.002.

Data sources

Telemetry that can reveal T1589.002, per MITRE ATT&CK.

  • Network Traffic — Network Traffic Content

Threat actors using it

Tracked threats

The 30 most recent of 51 tracked threats that use T1589.002.

Detection coverage

Threadlinqs maintains 74 detection rules mapped to T1589.002 (SPL 26, KQL 28, Sigma 20). Rule content is available to Blue tier accounts and above; this page shows counts only.

74 detection rules (SPL/KQL/Sigma) · Blue and above. Compare plans

Parent technique

T1589 Gather Victim Identity Information — 228 tracked threats at the technique level.